electronics:Engineering Seminar topics for B.Tech students

Showing posts with label electronics. Show all posts

Showing posts with label electronics. Show all posts

Fractal image compression:Recent technique based on the representation of an image

Post under electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, F Posted by Zener

Storing an image on a computer requires a very large memory. This problem can be averted by the use of various image compression techniques. Most images contain some amount of redundancy that can be removed when the image is stored and then replaced when it is reconstructed.

Fractal image compression is a recent technique based on the representation of an image. The self-transformability property of an image is assumed and exploited in fractal coding. It provides high compression ratios and fast decoding. Apart from this it is also simple and is an easily executable technique.

PERCEPTIVE COMPUTING:A computer with perceptual capabilities

Post under electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, P Posted by Zener

Survival of animal depends highly on developed sensory abilities. Like wise human recognition depends on highly developed abilities to perceive, integrate, and interpret visual, auditory, and touch information. Also we have no doubt that if computers had even a small fraction of the perceptual ability of animals or humans, then they would be much more powerfull.Adding such perceptual abilities to computers would enable computers and humans to work together more as partners. Perceptive Computing (Blue Eyes) project aims at creating computational devices with the sort of perceptual abilities that people take for granted. Blue Eyes uses non-obtrusive sensing technology

Computer Clothing:Digital clothes that able to perform some of the PC functions

Post under C, Computer Clothing, electrical, Electrical Seminar Topics, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS Posted by Zener

There is a major movement going on in the electronics and computer industries to develop wearable devices for what’s being called Post-PC era. We are now at the dawn of that era and some of these devices are already making their way to the consumer market .Computerized clothes will be the next step in making computers and devices portable without having to strap electronics into our body. These digital clothes will able to perform some of the PC functions. These devices are small in size and portable. This apparel can be used to read our heart rate and breathing. The LED monitors could even be integrated into this apparel to display text and images.

Wavelet Transforms:one of the important signal processing developments in the last decade

Post under electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-W, W, Wavelet transforms Posted by Zener

Wavelet transforms have been one of the important signal processing developments in the last decade, especially for the applications such as time-frequency analysis, data compression, segmentation and vision. During the past decade, several efficient implementations of wavelet transforms have been derived. The theory of wavelets has roots in quantum mechanics and the theory of functions though a unifying framework is a recent occurrence. Wavelet analysis is performed using a prototype function called a wavelet. Wavelets are functions defined over a finite interval and having an average value of zero. The basic idea of the wavelet transform is to represent any arbitrary function f (t) as a superposition of a set of such wavelets or basis functions. These basis functions or baby wavelets are obtained from a single prototype wavelet called the mother wavelet, by dilations or contractions (scaling) and translations (shifts). Efficient implementation of the wavelet transforms has been derived based on the Fast Fourier transform and short-length ‘fast-running FIR algorithms’ in order to reduce the computational complexity per computed coefficient.

Energy transmission system for an artificial heart- leakage inductance compensation

Post under Artificial heart, E, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-E, high-frequency converter Posted by Zener

A power supply system using a transcutaneous transformer to power an artificial heart through intact skin has been designed. In order to realize both high-voltage gain and minimum circulating current, compensation of leakage inductances on both sides of a transcutaneous transformer is proposed. A frequency region which realizes the robustness against coupling coefficient and load variation is identified. In this region, the converter has inherent advantages such as zerovoltage switching (ZVS) or zero-current switching (ZCS) of the switches, high-voltage gain, minimum circulating current, and high efficiency.

Artificial heart, energy transmission system, high efficiency, high-frequency converter, high-power density, high-voltage gain, inductance compensation, soft-switched converter, transcutaneous transformer, zero-current switching (ZCS), zero-voltage switching (ZVS).

BiCMOS silicon technology:Electronics Seminar

Post under B, electrical, Electrical Seminar Topics, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-B Posted by Zener

The need for high-performance, low-power, and low-cost systems for network transport and wireless communications is driving silicon technology toward higher speed, higher integration, and more functionality. Further more, this integration of RF and analog mixed-signal circuits into high-performance digital signal-processing (DSP) systems must be done with minimum cost overhead to be commercially viable. While some analog and RF designs have been attempted in mainstream digital-only complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies, almost all designs that require stringent RF performance use bipolar or semiconductor technology. Silicon integrated circuit (IC) products that, at present, require modern bipolar or BiCMOS silicon technology in wired application space include the essential optical network (SONET) and synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) operating at 10 Gb/s and higher.

The viability of a mixed digital/analog. RF chip depends on the cost of making the silicon with the required elements; in practice, it must approximate the cost of the CMOS wafer, Cycle times for processing the wafer should not significantly exceed cycle times for a digital CMOS wafer. Yields of the SOC chip must be similar to those of a multi-chip implementation. Much of this article will examine process techniques that achieve the objectives of low cost, rapid cycle time, and solid yield.

Molecular Electronics:A new technology competitive to semiconductor technology

Post under electrical, Electrical Seminar Topics, ElectricalSeminar-M, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-M, M Posted by Zener

Semiconductor integration beyond Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI), through conventional electronic technology facing some problems with fundamental physical limitations. Beyond ULSI, a new technology may become competitive to semiconductor technology. This new technology is known is as Molecular Electronics.

Molecular based electronics can overcome the fundamental physical and economic issues limiting Si technology. Here, molecules will be used in place of semiconductor, creating electronic circuit small that their size will be measured in atoms. By using molecular scale technology, we can realize molecular AND gates, OR gates, XOR gates etc.

The dramatic reduction in size, and the sheer enormity of numbers in manufacture, are the principle benefits promised by the field of molecular electronics

Ph.D. Seminar topic Analytical and Numerical Modeling of Subwavelength Plasmonic-waveguide Components for Nanophotonic Applications

Post under A, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-A, Ph.D, Seminar topic Posted by Zener

Recently, in optics there has been a surge of interest in miniaturized metallic structures
that allow sub-wavelength control of electromagnetic energy in the infrared and visible
bands of the spectrum. This results an emerging field of science known as plasmonics,
which has plethora of applications such as nanoscale optical interconnects,
chemical/bio-sensors, high-resolution microscopy, etc.
This research aims to investigate various plasmonic waveguide-based optical
components in terms of equivalent transmission-line networks. This representation
allows one to use classical network analysis tools in microwave engineering to obtain
analytical expressions that describe the transmission response of useful devices in
nanophotonics. The derived formulae provide rapid design optimization paths unlike the
computationally expensive and time consuming numerical simulations.

Power transformers With Full seminar Report

Post under electrical, Electrical Seminar Topics, ElectricalSeminar-P, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-P, P Posted by Zener

Power transformers are the most significant pieces of equipment for electrical power delivery systems. One of the key parameters to be monitored in a power transformer is the internal temperature. High temperature accelerates the aging of winding paper insulation and increases the risk of bubbling under severe load conditions. Temperature is also an important parameter for transformer cooling system. The transformer winding hottest-spot temperature is one of a number of limiting factors for the loading capability of transformers. One way to increase the loading capability is to increase the efficiency of the cooling system by using fans and pumps. This research focuses on the investigation of the effect of the cooling system parameters, in particular the oil flow rate, on the thermal performance of power transformers.

Optical Isolator: Application to Photonic Integrated Circuits With Full seminar Report

Post under electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, O Posted by Zener

Optical active devices fail to operate in a desired manner, when unwanted reflections are launched into them. An optical isolator plays an essential role in protecting optical devices from unwanted reflections. Commercially available optical isolators based on a magneto-optic Faraday effect, which are provided with optical fiber and optical beam interfaces, are hard to be integrated with other optical devices. In case of waveguide isolators, it is quite unrealizable to use a rotation of polarization, because the precise control of waveguide birefringence is needed. Several approaches have been developed to avoid the precise control of waveguide geometry, like a nonreciprocal radiation and a nonreciprocal loss isolator. An interferometric waveguide isolator, which uses a nonreciprocal phase shift provided by the first-order magneto-optic effect, has the advantages of a single polarization operation and a wide operational wavelength range. Also, the interferometric isolator is realizable in several waveguide platforms by using a magneto-optic material in a cladding layer. To achieve this, we developed a direct bonding technique of magneto-optic garnet on III-V compound semiconductors and silicon waveguides. In this talk, the integration of optical isolators will be addressed, which includes a non-magneto-optic approach.

reference :http://www.eng.monash.edu.au

Advanced Optical Functionalities in Photonic Crystals

Post under A, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-A Posted by Zener

High-quality self-assembled three-dimensionally-ordered photonic crystals have been synthesized with inorganic and polymeric colloids. These crystals display a pseudo bandgap in the UV / visible / near-IR regions with high values of reflectance combined with low transmission. The stop band characteristics have been modified after infiltrating these passive photonic crystals with materials such as ZnO as well as by synthesizing active photonic crystals directly from colloids made of organic dye-polymer composites. The emission characteristics of these active species are modified by the photonic crystal environment due to the anisotropic stop band. It has been possible to fabricate photonic crystal heterostructures as well as photonic crystal waveguides for building functionalities into photonic integrated circuits. BJ93GJCCMXAR

2010 seminar topic Multi-wavelength and Broadband Optical Sources for Fiber-Optic Communication

Post under electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-M, M Posted by Zener

Tunable lasers in the C and L bands of fiber-optic communication have been designed with erbium-doped fiber. Tunability has been achieved without using an intra-cavity filter, merely by changing the intro-cavity parameters in an appropriate manner. Also, mode-locking at GHz frequencies with a very simple economical design is a highlight of this work. The large tuning range possible in this design is further utilized in demonstrating a broadband source by introducing a dispersion shifted fiber as an intra cavity element. The multiple four-wave mixing processes occurring between the longitudinal modes in this fiber result in a spectral broadening throughout the gain spectrum of the EDF. This is a simple and elegant design to realize a tunable broadband source at pump powers less than 200 mW. The mechanism of broadband generation and the utility of the source for applications will be discussed.

ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS

Post under abstracts, communication topics, computer-science, CS AND IT SEMINAR TOPICS, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS Posted by Zener

E-paper With Full seminar Report

Post under computer-science, CS AND IT SEMINAR TOPICS, E, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-E Posted by Zener

E-paper is a revolutionary material that can be used to make next generation electronic displays. It is portable reusable storage and display medium that look like paper but can be repeatedly written one thousands of times. These displays make the beginning of a new area for battery power information applications such as cell phones, pagers, watches and hand-held computers etc. Two companies are carrying our pioneering works in the field of development of electronic ink and both have developed ingenious methods to produce electronic ink. One is E-ink, a company based at Cambridge, in U.S.A. The other company is Xerox doing research work at the Xerox’s palo Atto Research Centre. Both technologies being developed commercially for electronically configurable paper like displays rely on microscopic beads that change colour in response to the charges on nearby electrodes. Like traditional paper, E-paper must be lightweight, flexible, glare free and low cost. Research found that in just few years this technology could replace paper in many situations and leading us ink a truly paperless world.

Asymmetric digital subscriber line(ADSL)

Post under A, computer-science, CS AND IT SEMINAR TOPICS, CS-IT-seminars-A, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS Posted by Zener

Asymmetric digital subscriber line is the new modem technology to converge the existing twisted pair telephone lines into the high-speed communications access capability for various services. In reality ADSL is a modem technology used to transmit speeds of 1.5 to 6 Mbps under current technology. ADSL is designed to support different speeds in each directions at distances of upto 18000 feet. Because the speeds requested are typically to access the internet , most users look for higher download speeds and lower upload speeds. Therefore , the asymmetrical nature of this service meets those demands.

NEW SENSOR TECHNOLOGY

Post under electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, N Posted by Zener

Scientists have developed and demonstrated a fluorescence-based chemical sensor that is more compacting, versatile and less expensive than existing technology of its kind. The new sensor holds promise for myriad potential applications, such as monitoring oxygen, inorganic gases, volatile organic compounds, biochemical compounds. Selecting the right sensors is critical to implementing any military control-based subsystem in which the key factors are accuracy, precision, the ability to meet the environmental range of the intended application and cost.Mainly used two techniques are sensor web and video sensor technology. The Sensor Web is a type of sensor network or geographic information system (GIS) that is especially well suited for environmental monitoring and control.An amorphous network of spatially distributed sensor platforms (pods) that wirelessly communicate with each other. This amorphous architecture is unique since it is both synchronous and router-free, making it distinct from the more typical TCP/IP-like network schemes. The architecture allows every pod to know what is going on with every other pod throughout the Sensor Web at each measurement cycle. The word video sensor (also video-sensor or videosensors) describes a technique of digital image analysis. A video sensor is an application software, which supports the interpretation of digital images and frame rates. Video sensors emerge by programming digital algorithms. The carrier platform of a video sensor is a computer, which in turn is usually equipped with a Linux or Microsoft operating system. Video sensors are being installed on top of one of the mentioned operating systems. And in combination with the carrier platform, it represents a video sensor system. Video sensors are being used to evaluate scenes und sequences within an image section of a (CCD)camera.

Chatterbot

Post under C, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-C Posted by Zener

A chatterbot is a computer program designed to simulate an intelligent conversation with one or more human users via auditory or textual methods. Though many appear to be intelligently interpreting the human input prior to providing a response, most chatterbots simply scan for keywords within the input and pull a reply with the most matching keywords or the most similar wording pattern from a local database. Like any person, chatterbots seem to have a sort of personality which is expressed by their answers. The top chatterbots are Elbot, Talk-bot, Yabberwacky, Eugene, Alice, and Alan. A chatterbot is a conversation simulator done as a computer program which gives the appearance of conversing with a user in natural language.

CELL PHONE VIRUSES AND SECURITY

Post under C, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-C Posted by Zener

Cell phones have become powerful and sophisticated computing devices and are moving toward an always on form of networking. However, such powerful networked computers are also at risk for a new class of malware, including viruses, worms and trojans specifically designed for a mobile environment. This seminar topic covers a taxonomy of attacks against mobile phones that shows known as well as potential attacks. Understanding existing threats against mobile phones helps us better protect our information and prepare for future dangers. Security experts are finding a growing number of viruses, worms, and Trojan horses that target cellular phones. Security researchers attack simulations have shown that before long, hackers could infect mobile phones with malicious software that deletes personal data or runs up a victim\'s phone bill by making toll calls. The attacks could also degrade or overload mobile networks, eventually causing them to crash, financial data stealing, and Risk factors for smart phones. Mobile-device technology is still relatively new, and vendors have not developed mature security approaches. An introduction to security concerns in mobile appliances. To counter the growing threat, antivirus companies have stepped up their research and development. In addition, vendors of phones and mobile operating systems are looking for ways to improve security. Recent innovations and emerging commercial technologies that address these issues are also incorporated in the topic

QUANTUM DOT LASERS

Post under electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS Posted by Zener

Most modern semiconductor lasers operate based on quantum mechanical effects. Quantum well lasers have been used with impressive performance, while the novel quantum dot lasers, a subject of intense research, show a great promise. Lasers come in many sizes and can be made from a variety of resonant cavities and active laser materials. Generally, increasing confinement enforces an increasing quantization in the energy of electrons. Therefore quantum dots will re-emit light at nearly a single wave length. Quantum dots are therefore a good starting point for producing laser light

AUTOSAR

Post under A, electronics, ELECTRONICS SEMINAR TOPICS, ElectronicsSeminar-A Posted by Zener

AUTOSAR(Automotive Open System Architecture) The idea behind AUTOSAR is to create an open standard for fundamental software system functions that replaces proprietary standards. This creates a plug-and-play environment where software modules slot into the overall electronic architecture without unexpectedly disrupting others The objective of the partnership is the establishment of an open standard for automotive E/E architecture. It will serve as a basic infrastructure for the management of functions within both future applications and standard software modules. The goal is to have a standardized tool chain that will guide and assist the design engineer through the complete process.

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