Applications of Majority Gates with Quantum-dot Cellular Automata

Majority gate-based logic is not normally explored with standard CMOS technologies,primarily because of the hardware inefficiencies in creating majority gates.As a result,not much effort has been made towards the optimization of circuits based on majority gates.We are exploring one particular emerging technology,quantum-dot cellular automata(QCA),in which the majority gate is the fundamental logic primitive.One of its main application is a simple and intuitive method for reduction of three-variable Boolean functions into a simplified majority representation.The method is based on Karnaugh maps(K-maps),used for the simplification of Boolean functions. Majority gate logic is expected to find use in quantum-dot cellular automata(QCA),an emerging computational nanotechnology.It is based on a QCA cell composed of four quantum dots arranged in a square pattern.With QCA,the 3-input majority gate forms the fundamental logic primitive.Majority logic is a way of implementing digital operations based on the principles of majority decision.The logic element,a majority gate has an odd number of binary inputs and a binary output.The output is a logical 1 when the majority of inputs is logic 1 and logical 0 when majority of inputs is logic 0.Any digital function can be implemented by a combination of majority gates and binary inverters.Majority logic provides a concise implementation of most digital functions encountered in logic-design applications.